Advances in Sustainable Aviation by Tahir Hikmet Karakoç C. Ozgur Colpan & Yasin Şöhret

Author:Tahir Hikmet Karakoç, C. Ozgur Colpan & Yasin Şöhret
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: Springer International Publishing, Cham

(11.4)

(11.5)

The second type makes the same acetate by using carbon dioxide and hydrogen according to the next formula

(11.6)

The second type of microorganisms cannot use all of the carbon dioxide and all of the hydrogen. So, a lot of carbon dioxide and some amount of hydrogen are released as gases.

Vital activities of both types of microorganisms also depend on partial pressure of hydrogen. At low partial pressure, vital activity of the first type becomes more active and of the second group is inhibited. At high partial pressure, the second group becomes more active and the first one is inhibited. The value of hydrogen’s partial pressure, when there is equilibrium between vital activities of these two types, is 10 Pa [9]. The first type of microorganisms is more sensitive to increasing the pressure. So it is necessary to keep the partial pressure in the capacity below 10 Pa.

Acetogenesis is necessary to carry out at atmospheric pressure. Then carbon dioxide easily released. It is also necessary to keep oxidation restoration potential of the sludge in the capacity at the level of 330 mV. If this potential goes down, hydrogen is formed actively, which leads to inhibition of the acetogenesis. But at the lower level of this potential, sulfides appear actively in the sludge, which leads to hydrogen sulfide appearing in the gaseous final products of the stage.

The group of methanogenic microorganisms (as well as acetogenic) is also divided into two types. First type decomposes acetate to methane and carbon dioxide; second type reduces methane using carbon dioxide. The processes go according to the next formulas

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